How to add alternative text for an image in Tagged PDF?

I know that iText can generate tagged PDF documents from scratch, but is it possible to insert alternative text for images in an existing tagged PDF without changing anything else? I need to implement this feature in a program without using GUI applications such as Adobe Acrobat Pro.

Posted on StackOverflow on Dec 2, 2015 by tsforsure

Please take a look at the AddAltTags example.

In this example, we take a PDF with images of a fox and a dog where the Alt keys are missing: no_alt_attribute.pdf

Structure element without /Alt key

Code can't recognize a fox or a dog, so we create a new document with Alt attributes saying "Figure without an Alt description": added_alt_attributes.pdf)

Structure element with /Alt key

We add this description by walking through the structure tree, looking for structural elements marked as /Figure elements:

public void manipulatePdf(String dest) throws IOException {
        PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(SRC), new PdfWriter(dest));
        PdfDictionary catalog = pdfDoc.getCatalog().getPdfObject();

        // Gets the root dictionary
        PdfDictionary structTreeRoot = catalog.getAsDictionary(PdfName.StructTreeRoot);
        manipulate(structTreeRoot);

        pdfDoc.close();
    }

    public void manipulate(PdfDictionary element) {
        if (element == null) {
            return;
        }

        // If an element is a figure, adds an /Alt entry.
        if (PdfName.Figure.equals(element.get(PdfName.S))) {
            element.put(PdfName.Alt, new PdfString("Figure without an Alt description"));
        }

        PdfArray kids = element.getAsArray(PdfName.K);

        if (kids == null) {
            return;
        }

        // Loops over all the kids
        for (int i = 0; i < kids.size(); i++) {
            manipulate(kids.getAsDictionary(i));
        }
    }

You can easily port this Java example to C#:

Get the root dictionary from the PdfDocument object,
Get the root of the structure tree (a dictionary),
Loop over all the kids of every branch of that tree,
When a lead is a figure, add an /Alt entry.

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